2026, Vol. 11, No. 3. - go to content...

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Khusnutdinova G.N., Azanova A.A., Mikhailova D.Yu. Physiological and hygienic principles of designing cooling clothing for workers under heat stress conditions. Journal of Clothing Science. 2026; 11(3). Available at: https://kostumologiya.ru/PDF/09TLKL326.pdf (in Russian).

Physiological and hygienic principles of designing cooling clothing for workers under heat stress conditions

Khusnutdinova Gulnur Nurgayanovna
Кazan National Research Technological University, Kazan, Russia
E-mail: KhusnutdinovaGN@corp.knrtu.ru
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5275-6745
RSCI: https://elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?id=784652

Azanova Albina Albertovna
Кazan National Research Technological University, Kazan, Russia
E-mail: AzanovaAA@corp.knrtu.ru
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3995-0009
RSCI: https://elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?id=255460

Mikhailova Dina Yurievna
Кazan National Research Technological University, Kazan, Russia
E-mail: mihailovadeena@yandex.ru
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5539-3058
RSCI: https://elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?id=1635258

Abstract. This article examines the existing foundations for formulating physiological and hygienic requirements for the creation of functional cooling clothing for active sports and workers in a heating thermal environment. The authors analyze the mechanisms of physical heat transfer in the human body during heat stress and demonstrate that evaporative cooling plays a leading role during intense physical activity. Its effectiveness depends on air humidity and air velocity, which is an important factor in the design of cooling clothing and the development of thermal insulation requirements for textile materials. An imbalance in Russian regulatory documentation is identified, with cold protection requirements being more developed. It is shown that standard methods for assessing heat stress using the TNS index have limitations when developing custom workwear. The need for a transition to physiological criteria for human thermal state is substantiated, and criteria for maximum permissible thermal state are proposed as a guide for the design of this range of clothing based on an analysis of regulatory documents. Design principles are formulated, including thermal stress analysis, selection of a protection class based on thermal radiation intensity, and ensuring the required thermal state indicators specified in the product specifications. The results of the work can be used in the development of technical requirements for cooling clothing for athletes and workers in various industries working in a heating thermal environment.

Keywords: cooling clothing; heat stress; microclimate; thermal environment; regulatory documentation; thermal state; criteria

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