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Nuriakhmetova E.R., Tikhonova N.V., Kovalenko Yu.A., Garipova G.I. Study of thermal radiation of the surface of the human body with limited motor possibilities in order to select the optimal package of materials in designing adaptive clothing. Journal of Clothing Science. 2022; 7(1). Available at: https://kostumologiya.ru/PDF/16TLKL122.pdf (in Russian).

Study of thermal radiation of the surface of the human body with limited motor possibilities in order to select the optimal package of materials in designing adaptive clothing

Nuriakhmetova Elvira Raufovna
Kazan National Research Technological University, Kazan, Russia
E-mail: elvira-skor@yandex.ru
RSCI: https://www.elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?id=1100053

Tikhonova Natalya Vasilievna
Kazan National Research Technological University, Kazan, Russia
E-mail: nata.tikhonova.81@mail.ru
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2241-869X
SCOPUS: https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.url?authorId=57193534168

Kovalenko Yulia Alexandrovna
Kazan National Research Technological University, Kazan, Russia
E-mail: julia_a_kov@mail.ru
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9050-3394
RSCI: https://www.elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?id=792957

Garipova Guzel Ilgizarovna
Kazan National Research Technological University, Kazan, Russia
E-mail: Fusion478@mail.ru
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8432-2044
RSCI: https://www.elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?id=792900

Abstract. Currently, there are many activities under the Accessible Environment program for people with limited mobility (EFA). The program touches upon a number of issues, among which the creation of adaptive clothing that optimally takes into account all the features of the life of this category of consumers is of particular relevance.

Within the framework of the present study, special attention is paid to the design of adaptive outerwear for children with EFA, namely, the creation of a comfortable underclothing microclimate and maintaining the necessary thermal balance. The solution of these issues directly depends on the selection of the optimal properties and characteristics of a package of materials that meet certain requirements. The requirements for the package of materials are determined based on the physiological characteristics of children with EFA. The study of this issue requires a deep study of the causes of movement restrictions, since it is the causes that radically affect the symptoms and features of the functioning of the human musculoskeletal system, and, consequently, the ability to thermoregulate.

Children with EFA, in particular those diagnosed with cerebral palsy (CP), face many difficulties in adaptation and socialization, primarily due to physiological characteristics such as:

• muscular dysplasia — increased muscle tone that interferes with flexion and extension of the limbs, and in some cases the child’s body itself, which makes it difficult to dress or make it impossible to dress some items of clothing;
• features of the figure — children diagnosed with cerebral palsy, as a rule, have a change in proportions due to lack of body weight, a large head and long limbs; asymmetry of the figure;
• lack of skills and physical ability to self-service;
• since cerebral palsy is one of the consequences of violations of the central nervous system (CNS), namely, it is one of the regulators of heat transfer, disturbances in the work of the central nervous system lead to a violation of thermoregulation and heat transfer in humans.

In the process of determining the temperature of the skin surface in children diagnosed with cerebral palsy, the researchers obtained photographs of the topography of the human body in the infrared range, where it is clearly possible to notice areas of the skin with thermal radiation below the normative indicators of a healthy person. The occurrence of such areas is due to the nature of diseases that lead to disturbances in blood circulation (blood circulation), and, consequently, disturbances in heat transfer.

Our experimental studies on skin surface temperature measurements in children with cerebral palsy revealed an acute problem with thermoregulation of the upper and lower extremities. The most chilled areas of the skin surface in the body are the following: back (asymmetrical), chest (asymmetrical), shoulders, hands, hips, ankles and feet.

These measurements determined the main task of the study: to create an optimal package of materials for winter outerwear for children with EFA, providing the necessary thermal balance and a comfortable underclothing microclimate.

Keywords: human thermal radiation; infantile cerebral palsy; human heat sensations; thermography; thermal balance; underwear microclimate; children’s adaptive clothing

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